第十二夜

一个晚上刷了两遍的《Twelfth Night》

Mark Rylance的反串加上Stephen Fry的“闷骚”管家，简直完美。

许多错乱巧合，“大团圆”式结局，这部莎翁的喜剧很值得回味！

不禁联想到15年David Suchet反串的《The Importance of Being Earnest》。

就剧本相似之处而言，王尔德也玩着“文字游戏”，台词里夹杂着对社会人生的种种感叹与嘲讽。同样的反串，两位老戏骨将自己的戏份发挥地淋漓尽致。Mark Rylance居然把少女陷入爱情的错乱害羞感演得比前几年的新版还要真实，David Suchet在王尔德的喜剧里，则把夫人的尊贵傲娇展现得头头是道。

看来男演员的反串不仅是带来了视觉上的新鲜感，演员如果把握到位的话，竟然还能更加突出角色性格，毕竟这反差感是强烈的。

最近的快乐源泉就是重温老戏骨们的舞台剧！

最近看了莎翁的《第十二夜》里面跌宕起伏的故事情节让我印象深刻。看莎翁的作品，不论悲剧还是喜剧，其中关系爱情的内容都有举足轻重的成份，这篇作品也是如此，因为爱是人类的太阳，爱情是生活的阳光。 这个戏剧故事给我最大的感受就是文章中女主人公的果敢和胆色，着实令人钦佩。还有那个美丽的公主，她的性格和女主人公的性格形成鲜明的对比。但这篇故事，似乎是些没事找事的无聊把戏，其与社会性和现实意义都不大贴近，好像在反映人们爱情或人性中可笑的成份和弱点。比如管家马伏里奥对主人奥丽维霞的爱就是没有自知之明而迷了心窍的笑料；而安德鲁爵士对奥丽维霞的爱也是昏了头的疯狂之举。奥丽维霞这位已故伯爵的女儿，因其富有和美貌还让一位大公爵害着百折不回的单相思。因她爱着的薇奥拉是爱慕公爵（却还要苦苦为公爵与她牵线撮合）的女扮男装者，最后是天公作美，把面孔、声音和装束都与薇奥拉相同的薇奥拉的哥哥瑟巴斯辛替换给了她做真的如意郎君。这对儿形同一人的兄妹，是遇海难分散后分别被船长安东尼奥相救脱险又相援求生的。当公爵得知对奥丽维霞的爱永无结果而又发现薇奥拉原来是爱着他的女儿身之后也就转爱给薇奥拉了。第三对成双的是奥丽维霞的叔父托比和她的侍女玛莉霞，他俩没有感情基础，但地位和等级还算相当。他们结合的理由也不充分，只是托比这个寄于侄女奥丽维霞篱下的空白爵士，为作践看不上眼的管家马伏里奥而让玛莉霞写了一封奥丽维霞向马伏里奥示爱的假信。因此仅仅为酬劳玛莉霞，托比才决定与其结婚，真是玩笑一样，其实又不是玩笑。因为本来爱情就是没有界线的：它不分等级职业，不分地域肤色，不分长幼学识；爱情也是不守教条的：它没有公式，没有程式，没有套式；爱情还是不讲条件的：它不要求等价交换，不要求前因后果，不要求礼尚往来。

Globe Theatre 的这种制作，总让我觉得清冷遥远，因为完全是为现场而设。没有 National Theatre那种舞台的技术支持和剧作本身的别致的设计，只有忧伤的文艺复兴音乐和传统舞台，对于不在现场而是看视频的人来说总是不够友好。如果能被触动，大概很大程度上依赖演员本身的魅力和观者的脑补。

上一次被打动，大概是As you like it。连细节都记不太清楚，但是那种心动的感觉仍然鲜活。

这次的Twelfth Night，完全超出预期。一场放映能够带来的兴奋莫过于此。

Mark Rylance 从体态、表情和语调都很细腻，除了出彩的喜剧效果以外，这个少女角色完美地令人信服。

有一处印象深刻的片段。Orsino和 Viola 一同听Feste 唱“Come away death”时候，一起坐在长凳上，Orsino 几次亲密的动作，虽然引人发笑，却又真实地在心里漾起涟漪。

外面风很大，剧场非常冷，中场排队买了杯非常寡淡的咖啡暖手，当下半场已经开始，我听到 fanfare 的召唤，给了我迟到的缓冲时间。再次感到这种演出属于现场，台上明确告诉观众“我们在表演”。

一部喜剧看到眼泪汪汪，在演员谢幕起舞时候心情不能平静，实在是值得记下，而这只是一场放映。

看完电影再配合课程食用一下~

科罗拉多大学有个著名的莎翁戏剧节（Colorado Shakespeare Festival），是世界最大型的莎翁艺术节之一，无锡老乡杨世彭（Daniel S. P. Yang）先生执导过莎翁戏剧节十余年。也是有所耳闻所以来听听看科罗拉多大学的这门Coursera课科普一下。第一次看Shakespeare’s Globe（2013）的《第十二夜》舞台剧，刚开始没get到笑点，后半场开始就发现非常有戏份~这门课是文艺评论研讨课，确实拎出了许多点是我第一遍看没有get到的（笑点），摘录一段我喜欢的鉴赏（见文末）。另一项收获是在读Act 3 Scene 2时的看到课程作业里介绍了一个很强大有用的网页批注工具：via.hypothes.is，可以粘贴任意网站如Wikipedia或斯坦福哲学百科或莎士比亚在线剧集，然后个性化点评，还能看到书友曾经的批注，宛如隐藏弹幕！一开始还嫌这作业真麻烦，用过就很享受social annotation的体验了。

摘录一段我挺喜欢的文艺鉴赏

摘自Coursera课程：William Shakespeare's Twelfth Night: Comedy, Conflict, and Community

by University of Colorado Boulder

//www.coursera.org/learn/shakespeare-twelfth-night-comedy-community-applied/

Lecture 3.7 Notes:

In Twelfth Night, the clash of value systems leads the partiers to strike back against Malvolio’s attempt to discipline them. Their answer to Malvolio’s critique is a practical joke. What is a practical joke? If you think about it, practical jokes are complex phenomena. Pranks can produce many different kinds of effects. In the case of Maria, Sir Toby, Feste and Fabian’s practical joke on Malvolio, the point of the prank is to punish him through public humiliation.

The practical joke Maria designs is brilliant for its simplicity and for its ability to solicit Malvolio’s interest and interpretation. Knowing that Malvolio spends part of his day walking in the garden, practicing speeches and rehearsing behavior, Maria forges and drops in the garden path a love letter that appears to be from Olivia inviting an unnamed lover to demonstrate his affection. The letter includes just enough clues to open the door for Malvolio to interpret that he is in fact the object of her love. And in so doing it encourages his dreams of status advancement. The famous lines from the letter—“Some are born great, some achieve greatness, and some have greatness thrust upon ‘em” (2.5.136-38)—play into and reinforce Malvolio’s fantasies of becoming “Count Malvolio.”

Thus Malvolio is convinced to follow the commands outlined in the letter—to smile, to embrace his superiority to others in the household, and to wear his cross-gartered yellow stockings. The hilarious scene that follows (act three, scene four) shows Malvolio believing that he is achieving his dreams by acting in precisely the fashion described by the letter. Maria, Sir Toby and the rest see a “gull,” which is an archaic term that forms a source of the contemporary English word “gullible”; to call someone a gull is to identify them as easily tricked, as someone who could handily be made a fool. Olivia, by contrast sees her valued steward acting in alarming ways, someone who is ill and who needs to be nursed back to health.

In retrospect, asking Sir Toby to oversee the care of Malvolio, as Olivia does, doesn’t make a lot of sense. Why would Olivia believe that Sir Toby is capable of handling any responsibility at all? Perhaps it is a sign of her own distraction. Nevertheless, the choice provides an opportunity to keep the practical joke on Malvolio going, and to intensify its cruelty. When Malvolio confronts Sir Toby and his crew in act two, scene three, discussed in the faculty roundtable, he asks: “My masters, are you mad?” (2.3.81). As if responding to Malvolio’s question, Sir Toby treats Malvolio as someone suffering from madness, administering a regimen of sensory deprivation and confinement as a cure for mental disturbance. On the pretense of caring for the steward, Sir Toby tortures Malvolio by locking him in a dark room and restricting his access to anyone in the world who could help him.

Relevant to Toby’s “treatment” of Malvolio is a fact noted numerous times thus far, the status of Malvolio as “a kind of Puritan” (2.3.130). The description links Malvolio to growing religious controversy in the period and informs his punishment. In the following video, Dr. Rachael Simonetta provides insight into the religious contexts of this scene and into how religion figures prominently in the gulling of Malvolio.

4.22@环球映画。

第一次看环莎的剧，真的好莎啊我赞美，伊丽莎白式的剧院戏台，内场全站立的观众，开头可以看到演员在台背后上妆，连乐师的乐器和服装都带你回到那个年代，正常的光线，让故事和表演本身成为绝对的中心，能用心这样彻彻底底地让观众回到大师时代，是真正的escapism啊，有relate 到《莎翁情史》里的剧院！

全男班tbh开始我会觉得是否不够pc，7年后的今天还会有这样的casting吗，后来意识到男演女也是真正的还原莎翁时代啊！Mark Rylance爷爷！！真的是仙女(Ik)！还有油炸叔！以及到最后双胞胎同时出场时我才发现居然不是一个人演的= =还说哥哥和妹妹换着演太厉害了= =

全场都笑出鼻涕泡，一个各方面都完美的production！最后我爱莎士比亚，几百年来带来的欢笑和眼泪！谢谢环莎带来如此美好的3小时回到过去。这周看性转版，不知道是否从某种程度上也是对这版的一种回应呢？

Globe Theatre复古的剧场分明是个戏台子，水红色的大理石廊柱打光后秒变肉池酒林，加上莎士比亚时代老派的现场弹拨歌咏和全男班的演出形式，把这出喜剧的酒色财气烹煮得红油热火、地气冲天。

《敦刻尔克》中的老船长马克·里朗斯出演娇羞的奥利维亚，凭着一张面瘫白脸和自带滑轨、稳得像舰的步态，创造了一个很难被超越的喜剧经典角色。谁也看不出复排之初，里朗斯失去了女儿，为压抑生活中的悲剧影响到舞台上的表演险些让他情绪崩溃……

整套卡斯班底个个戏精，当代王尔德斯蒂芬·弗雷饰演骚断腿的老管家，有着浮世绘中女子般鬓发和白颈的红娘使女，一群歌艺俱佳的龙套……炫技式的噱头笑料提醒你伦家才是真正的国民编剧。爱情如来时，就连最英式的端庄典丽都会走光跑汽……套用在爱情片里跌打滚爬了一辈子的莎翁金句就是：Journeys end in lovers meeting（漂泊止于爱人相遇）。